I-Conditioning: indlela enamandla ebudlelwaneni babantu

I-Conditioning yinqubo engokwengqondo edlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni ukuziphatha kwethu nokusabela kwemizwa. Ebudlelwaneni babantu, le nqubo ingasetshenziswa ngendlela enhle ukuze kuqiniswe ukuziphatha okufiswayo, kodwa futhi ingaba yithuluzi lokukhohlisa. Lesi sihloko sihlola izici ezihlukene zesimo nokuvezwa kwayo ebudlelwaneni obunobuthi.

Kuyini isimo sengqondo?

I-Psychological conditioning iyinqubo yokufunda lapho umuntu ehlobanisa khona isikhuthazo noma isimo nempendulo ethile. Lo mshini, ocwaningwe ngokujulile yizazi zokusebenza kwengqondo ezifana no-Pavlov no-Skinner, uchaza ukuthi sithuthukisa kanjani ukuziphatha okuthile okuzenzakalelayo ekuphenduleni izimo ezithile.

Esimweni sobudlelwane phakathi kwabantu, ukumisa isimo kungenzeka lapho umuntu oyedwa efunda ukusabela ngendlela ethile ekuziphatheni komunye. Isibonelo, uma othile ehlala ethola ukusabela okungekuhle lapho eveza umbono wakhe, kancane kancane angafunda ukuthula ukuze agweme lo mphumela ongemuhle.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubeka ubudlelwano

Izimo ebuhlotsheni zingathatha izinhlobo eziningana:

1. Iphakheji yakudala: Umuntu uhlobanisa isikhuthazo sokungathathi hlangothi nokusabela ngokomzwelo. Isibonelo, ukuhlobanisa ukufika kozakwethu nomuzwa wokukhathazeka.
2. Isimo sokusebenza: Un ukuziphatha okungajabulisi liyaqiniswa noma liyajeziswa kuye ngemiphumela yako. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu angafunda ukugwema izihloko ezithile zengxoxo ukuze angavusi intukuthelo yomunye umuntu.
3. Isimo somphakathi: Ukufunda kwenzeka ngokubuka nokulingisa ukuziphatha kwabanye.

Ukubeka isimo njengethuluzi lokulawula ebudlelwaneni obunobuthi

Ebudlelwaneni obunobuthi noma obuhlukumezayo, ukulungisa isimo kungaba yindlela enamandla yokulawula nokukhohlisa. Umuntu one-narcissistic noma onobuthi angasebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene ukuze enze umlingani wakhe amesabe futhi athobele izifiso zakhe.

Ukwesaba njenge-lever conditioning

Ukwesaba kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengesivikelo esinamandla enkambisweni yokulungisa isimo. ubuhlobo obunobuthiUmuntu angafaka ukwesaba komunye umuntu ngezindlela eziningana:

• Ukusabela okweqile: Ngokusabela ngendlela engafanele ezimeni ezincane, umuntu onobuthi udala isimo sokungalondeki.
• Izinsongo ezisobala noma ezisobala: Usongo lwemiphumela engemihle lungenza abanye bagweme ukuziphatha okuthile.
• Izijeziso ezingalindelekile: Ukungaqiniseki ngezimpendulo zomunye umuntu kungabangela ukukhathazeka njalo

Imiphumela ye-negative conditioning

Isimo esingesihle ebudlelwaneni singaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu empilweni yengqondo nengokomzwelo yomuntu obhekene nakho:

1. Ukulahlekelwa ukuzethemba: Umuntu onesimo esithile angase alahlekelwe ukuzethemba ezahlulelweni zakhe nemibono yakhe.
2. Ukukhathazeka okungapheli: Ukwesaba njalo ukusabela kwabanye abantu kungaholela esimweni sokukhathazeka unomphela.
3. Ukuzihlukanisa emphakathini: Ukuze agweme ukungqubuzana, umuntu angase azihlukanise nabangane nomndeni.
4. Ukucindezeleka : Ukuzizwa ungenakuzisiza kulesi simo kungaholela ekucindezelekeni.

Izimpawu ze-toxic conditioning

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu zesimo esinobuthi ebudlelwaneni:

• Ukwesaba ukukhuluma: Umuntu uyakugwema ngokuhlelekile ukuveza imibono noma imizwa yakhe.
• Ukuhamba ngamagobolondo amaqanda: Kunomuzwa oqhubekayo wokuthi kufanele siqaphe ngakho konke esikushoyo noma esikwenzayo.
• Ukulindela ukusabela okungekuhle: Umuntu uhlale ecabanga ngezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
• Ukulungiswa okweqile: Kunesidingo esiqhubekayo sokuthethelela izenzo zomuntu, ngisho nezincane kakhulu.

Isixhumanisi phakathi kokuziphatha nokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo

I-conditioning ngokuvamile iyinhloko yokuhlukunyezwa ngokomzwelo. Umhlukumezi usebenzisa amasu okulungisa ukuze agcine ukulawula isisulu sakhe. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

1. I-psychology yokukhanyisa igesi : Yenza isisulu singabaze umbono waso ngeqiniso.
2. Ukuxhaphaza imizwa: Sebenzisa imizwa yomuntu ohlukunyeziwe ngokumelene nabo.
3. Imijikelezo yesijeziso nemivuzo: Okunye phakathi kokuziphatha okungekuhle nokuhle ukuze udale ukuncika emoyeni.

Umthelela wesimo ku-dynamics yomndeni

I-conditioning ayipheleli ebudlelwaneni bothando. Kungase futhi kudlale indima ebalulekile ku-dynamics yomndeni:

• Ubudlelwano bomzali nengane: Abazali bangakwazi ukufaka izingane zabo ekuziphatheni okuthile ngokungazi.
• Izelamani: Izelamani zingakha amaphethini wokuziphatha anesimo komunye nomunye.
• Ukudluliselwa kwezizukulwane ngezizukulwane: Amaphethini okumisa isimo angadluliselwa kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye.

Isimo esimweni senhlalo namasiko

Isimo sidlulela ngalé kobudlelwane bomuntu ngamunye futhi singabonwa ezimweni ezibanzi zezenhlalo nezamasiko:

1. Izinkambiso zomphakathi: Umphakathi ubeka amalungu awo ukuba anamathele ezindinganisweni ezithile zokuziphatha.
2. Imibono yobulili: Okulindelwe ubulili kuvame ukuba umphumela wokulungiswa komphakathi.
3. Ukukhangisa nemidiya: Imidiya isebenzisa amasu okulungisa ukuze ibe nomthelela ekuziphatheni kwabathengi.

Izindlela ze-Neurobiological of conditioning

I-Conditioning inezisekelo ze-neurobiological ezichaza amandla ayo nokuphikelela:

• Ipulasitiki yobuchopho: Ubuchopho buyashintsha ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho okuphindaphindiwe.
• Amasekhethi omklomelo: I-conditioning yenza kusebenze izinhlelo zobuchopho zomvuzo, kuqinise ukuziphatha okuthile.
• U-Amygdala nokwesaba: I-amygdala idlala indima ebalulekile ekulungiseni ukwesaba.

Ireferensi ye-bibliographic emaphaketheni

Nazi izikhombo zebhayibheli eziyisikhombisa ngesihloko sokupakisha:

1. Pavlov, I.P. (1927). I-Reflex ene-Conditioned. EParis: Editions Félix Alcan.
2. Skinner, B.F. (1953). Isayensi Nokuziphatha Komuntu. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
3. Inkinobho, ME (2007). Ukufunda Nokuziphatha: Umbono Ohlanganisayo. EBrussels: De Boeck Supérieur.
4. I-Rescorla, R.A., & Wagner, A.R. (1972). “Ithiyori ye-Pavlovian conditioning: ukuhlukahluka ekusebenzeni kokuqinisa nokungaqinisi.” Ukubukezwa kwengqondo, 79 (2), 123-140.
5. Domjan, M. (2010). Izimiso Zokufunda Nokuziphatha. I-Paris: Imfundo yePearson.
6. U-Garcia, J., no-Koelling, R.A. (1966). “Ubudlelwano bokufunda: i-saccharin eyenziwe ngemisebe yokunambitheka kwamagundane.” Isayensi, 153 (3732), 1140-1142.
7. Bandura, A. (1977). Imfundo Yezenhlalakahle: Ithiyori. Paris: Éditions Mardaga.

Lezi zithenjwa zinikeza umbono ojulile ezicini ezihlukene zesimo emkhakheni wesayensi yezengqondo.

Isiphetho: Qonda ukuze uzivikele kangcono

I-Conditioning iyindlela enamandla engokwengqondo engalolonga ukuziphatha kwethu nobudlelwano ngezindlela ezibalulekile. Ebudlelwaneni obunobuthi, kungaba yithuluzi lokulawula nokukhohlisa, okuholela emiphumeleni eyingozi empilweni yengqondo nengokomzwelo yabantu ngabanye. Ukuqonda le nqubo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuboneni ukuguquguquka okungenampilo nokuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela kuzo. Ngokuqaphela izimpawu nezindlela zesimo esinobuthi, kuba nokwenzeka ukuphula la maphethini futhi kwakhiwe ubudlelwano obunempilo nobulinganiselayo.